| 引用本文: |
刘菲,周静,胡明.我国罕见病用药医疗保障政策及医保目录收载情况分析[J].中国卫生经济,2018,(3):71-76.[点击复制] |
.The Analysis of the Current Situation of Medical Insurance Policy and Medical Insurance Catalog for rare diseases in China[J].CHINESE HEALTH ECONOMICS,2018,(3):71-76.[点击复制] |
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| 摘要: |
| 目的：通过分析国际、我国国家及地方罕用药保障制度、政策以及我国医保目录罕用药收录品种，探索我国罕用药医疗保障可及性现状及发展建议。方法：计算机检索国家及地方官方政府网站和中文数据库等，获取罕见病及罕用药相关政策法规；系统提取《国家基本医疗保险、工伤保险和生育保险药品目录》中罕见病药品信息。结果：我国尚没有罕见病的官方定义和官方罕见病名录。近年来关于罕见病、罕用药研发审批政策措施正日渐丰满。在医疗保障方面，很多省、市地区已经针对地方罕见病的流行性特征出台并落实了罕见病的保障政策，但国家层面的整体政策方面仍是空白。2017 年版国家基本医疗保险、工伤保险和生育保险药品目录中罕用药共53 种，较2009 年版目录新增7 个，增幅为15.22%；共覆盖17 种罕见病，涉及血液疾病、骨及软骨病变、先天性代谢异常 、脑部或神经系统病变、免疫疾病、皮肤病变、消化系统病变、内分泌疾病等多个治疗领域。与往年相比，新版医保药品目录中罕用药的剂型也有所增多，其中甲类相对乙类的剂型种类更多。结论：我国罕见病保障政策集中于研发审批领域，医疗保障以地方政策为主，新版国家医保药品目录罕用药范围扩大，但配套政策有待完善。因此，中国罕用药保障问题需要进一步引起重视。 |
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| The Analysis of the Current Situation of Medical Insurance Policy and Medical Insurance Catalog for rare diseases in China |
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| Abstract: |
| Objective: To explore the status quo and development suggestions of the availability of medical insurance for orphan drugs in China through the analysis of international, national and local rare disease drug use system and policy, and the species of orphan drugs in China’’s health insurance directory. Methods: The website of local government and the Chinese database were retrieved by computer, and the relevant policies and regulations of rare disease and orphan drugs were obtained. The information of rare diseases and orphan drugs in “national basic medical insurance, employment injury insurance and maternity insurance drug Catalog” was systematically extracted. Results: There is no official definition of rare diseases and the official list of rare diseases in China. In recent years, with regard to the approval policy and measures of rare diseases and the R & D of orphan drugs are increasingly full. In the medical security, many provinces and municipalities have been introduced for the popular characteristics of local rare diseases and the implementation of the rare diseases protection policy, however, the whole policy of nation level is still blank. The edition of 2017 of the basic medical insurance, industrial injury insurance and maternity insurance drugs directory contains 53 kinds of orphan drugs, added 7 kinds compared to the version of 2009 version, an increase of 15.22%. 17 kinds of rare diseases were covered, involving blood diseases, bone or cartilage diseases, congenital metabolic disorders, brain or nervous system diseases, immune system diseases, skin diseases, digestive system diseases, endocrine system diseases and other treatment fields. Compared with previous years, the new version of the essential insurance medicine list of orphan drugs also increased the dosage form, which class A has more types of formulations rather than class B. Conclusion: China’’s rare disease social security system policy focused on the field of R & D approval, medical security is dominated by local policy-based, the scope of orphan drugs in the new edition of national health insurance drug list is expanded, but the supporting policies need to be improved. Therefore, the problem of rare disease social security system policy in China needs to be paid more attention. |
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