| 摘要: |
| 卫生筹资包括卫生资金的筹集、分配和使用过程，涉及卫生资金来源渠道和数量、去向和数量以及资金的使用效率、公平性等问题，卫生筹资领域的动态影响着卫生服务的可及性和可支付性。2009年新医改以来，中国卫生筹资制度建设取得一定进展，卫生筹资总额逐年提高、筹资结构优化、筹资模式明确、保障水平提高、投入机制细化、筹资机构职能相应调整，但仍存在一些问题，主要包括卫生筹资缺乏顶层设计、居民个人现金卫生支出占比高、公平性有待提高、最低保障和高层次需求保险发展程度不高等，并在此基础上提出了优化我国筹资制度建设的建议。 |
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| China’s health financing system: Progress and challenges |
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| Abstract: |
| Health financing includes the process of the collection, distribution and utilization of health funds, concerned with issues including source channel and amount of the source, the flow and amount of the allocation as well as the efficiency and equity of the use, which has substantial influence on the availability and affordability of health services. The development of the Chinese health financing system has made progress in certain aspects since 2009 when the new phase of Chinese health system reform was initiated. The total volume of health financing has been increasing yearly; the structure of health financing has been optimized; financing pattern has been clarified; the financial security level has been improved; input mechanism has been refined; the function of financing institutions has been adjusted accordingly. However, there remain some challenges, mainly including lack of top-down design of health financing, high residents’ out-of-pocket expenses, inadequate equity, lack of accompanying design fit for the need and demand of the poorest and the richest. Therefore, suggestions for optimizing the construction of health financing system in China has been provided in this article. |
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