| 摘要: |
| 目的：选取典型地区评价其公共卫生支出的公平性。方法：使用excel计算泰尔指数，衡量典型地区公共卫生支出公平性。结果：选取北京、河南和陕西作为典型地区；新医改以后，北京对全国公共卫生财政支出泰尔指数的正贡献逐渐降低，河南负贡献最高且在逐年加大；河南对各类公共卫生支出泰尔指数的负贡献几乎均为最高。结论：财政自给能力较强的地区公共卫生支出责任落实更好；财政自给能力较弱的地区公共卫生支出公平性更差。建议强化公共财政理念，加大公共卫生投入；划分政府间公共卫生支出责任，匹配财权与事权；完善转移支付制度，解决“中部塌陷”问题；出台《中华人民共和国卫生法》，建立公共卫生筹资保障机制；加强政府监管，实施绩效考评。 |
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| Study of public health expenditure fairness in Beijing, Henan and Shaanxi |
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| Abstract: |
| Objective: to evaluate public health expenditure fairness in typical areas. Methods: to calculate Theil index with excel and measure public health expenditure fairness in typical areas. Results: to select Beijing, Henan and Shaanxi as the typical areas; after the new medical and health care reform, Beijing’s positive contribution to Theil index of the national public health finance expenditure has decreased, while Henan’s negative contribution is the highest and has been increasing year by year; Henan’s negative contribution to Theil index of various public health expenditures is almost the highest. Conclusions: regions with better self-financing ability could undertake the responsibility of public health expenditure better; regions with weaker self-financing ability own worse public health expenditure fairness. Recommend to strengthen the idea of public finance and increase investment in public health; to reasonably divide inter-governmental responsibility in public health expenditures and match the financial rights and duties; to improve transfer payment system and solve the problem of “neglect to the middles regions”; to promulgate the Health Law of People’s Republic of China and establish guarantee mechanism for public health financing; to strengthen governmental regulation and implement performance appraisal. |
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